The recent successes of halide perovskites in photovoltaic technologies can be primarily ascribed to their suitable, direct bandgap with large absorption coefficients and low-cost solution-based processing, as well as their excellent transport properties 17, 18, 19, 20. In their pioneering work on field-effect transistors using hybrid perovskite (C 6H 5C 2H 4NH 3) 2SnI 4 as channels, a high on/off ratio of 10 4 and a hole mobility of 0.6 cm 2V −1s −1 were reported 16. This class of materials was first discovered by Weber nearly 36 years ago 14, and Mitzi and co-workers further revealed that halide perovskites combine the favourable carrier transport of inorganic semiconductors with the facile processing of organic materials 15. Methylammonium lead halide (CH 3NH 3PbX 3, X=halogen) perovskites have been intensively pursued as light-harvesting materials in high-performance hybrid solid-state photovoltaic devices 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.
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